Abstract Background Translocation of nanoparticles (NP) from the pulmonary airways into other pulmonary compartments or the systemic circulation is controversially discussed in the literature. In a previous study it was shown that titanium dioxide (TiO2) NP were "distributed in four lung compartments (air-filled spaces. epithelium/endothelium. connective tissue. https://foldlyers.shop/product-category/bean-storage/